Cross-Border Nursing: Analyzing Learning Methods in ASEAN Nursing Colleges for Global Readiness Workforce

Abstract

Introduction: Indonesia has an overabundance of nurses in demand by developed nations, despite the 2030 global demand for 15 million nurses. Nursing education programs must offer internationally standardized curricula to compete in the global job market. This study investigates ASEAN nursing school curricula and teaching methods, focusing on graduates' global employment prospects and experiences. It also examines institutional efforts to prepare a global workforce. Method: The research employs a qualitative research approach to investigate the perspectives, experiences, and implementations of participants in the design and application of nursing curricula in their respective countries. It employs a narrative review approach and in-depth interviews with representatives from ASEAN countries, as well as five alumni who are currently working abroad, to serve as data triangulation. NVivo software is employed to conduct thematic analysis. Results: Four themes are deduced from context, input, process, and product evaluations. Context evaluation includes cultural competency, communication, adaptation, and collaboration. Input evaluation emphasizes the need for real-world, trust-based curriculum. Process evaluation produces hybrid learning and supportive environments, which are considered as important to help graduates working overseas. Problem-Based Learning and ethics (soft skills) are beneficial for international migration-related jobs. Conclusions: Foreign language fluency is essential for international jobs. Soft skills are extremely important for job advancement and worldwide prospects. Alumni need soft skills to promote critical thinking, cultural appreciation, adaptability, ethics, and confidence. Curricula must be evaluated and reformed to develop institutions as trustworthy sources of graduates who can compete globally.